Letter from L. Chard to Otard Dupuy & Co reporting on British ports and trade prospects, with a personal postscript to P. Guilhem, 1829-02-21

Writing from Glasgow after visits to Whitehaven, Liverpool and Bristol, L. Chard reports to Otard Dupuy & Co on houses approached, orders already placed and prospects for future imports. A separate personal postscript addresses P. Guilhem as a brother and discusses family news, travel and life in Cognac.

Glasgow–Cognac; reports from Whitehaven, Liverpool and Bristol

Cognac trade
Commercial correspondence
Market intelligence
British ports
Import prospects
Business travel
Personal correspondence
L. Chard
Otard Dupuy & Co
P. Guilhem
Glasgow
Whitehaven
Liverpool
Bristol
Cognac
Otard Dupuy
Britain

Cognac & Trade

NRA-L-000442 - Image 1: Address panel and postal evidence

Address panel and postal evidence.

NRA-L-000442 image 1 showing the folded manuscript address panel on cream paper, with the written delivery address, postal markings and closure evidence.

NRA-L-000442 - Image 2: Letter text - Page 1

Letter text - Page 1.

NRA-L-000442 image 2 showing page 1 of the French commercial letter on cream paper.

NRA-L-000442 - Image 3: Letter text - Page 2

Letter text - Page 2.

NRA-L-000442 image 3 showing page 2 of the French commercial letter on cream paper.

NRA-L-000442 - Image 4: Letter text - Page 3 and signature

Letter text - Page 3 and signature.

NRA-L-000442 image 4 showing page 3 of the French commercial letter on cream paper, including the closing and signature.

[[label: Address panel]] Messieurs Otard Dupuy & Co à Cognac France [[notes]] Editorial notes: The address and historical trade-house wording were checked against the authoritative address-panel image and preserved as one correspondent entity.

[[label: Letter text - page 1]] Glasgow 21 Fevrier 1829. J'ai reçu votre lettre du 7 C.t & mon arrivé ici le 19 C.t au soir. Comme vous me l'aviez recommandé, j'ai passé à Whitehaven, il y ai vu Messrs W. Jefferson & neuve qui ne notre bonne maison que Messrs Butler et quelques bonnes maisons de Liverpool m'avaient recommandé de voir, Messrs Spittall & Matthews mais ces deux maisons avaient donné leurs ordres et après m'avoir tenu avec consideration sur la renommé de la maison, m'ont assuré que dans leurs prochains importations, ils penseront et s'adresseront certainement à nous. Quant a ce que je vous ai écrit de Bristol et de Lpool, mon entention n'a jamais été de désirer que vous passiez telle ou telle note, d'après ce que je vous écrivais, mais je vous ai fait part de la situation de ces differentes places et des propositions qui me nous y avaient fait à Messrs Butler et à moi, pour vous donner idée de ce qu'est notre Commerce dans ces differents ports.

[[label: Letter text - page 2]] ce sont des notes que je vous transmets vous en ferez agirez suivant votre maniere de voir. Je n'ai que peu de choses a vous dire, Dieu le [sy?] bien que depuis avant hier je vous ecrivai tous peu de jours. Votre respectueux et ami je vous embrasse de coeur L. Chard P. Guilhem Je ne t'ai pas ecrit mon cher frere depuis deux ou 3 semaines mais sois bien assuré que les tracas du voyage et preocupations sont toutes cause de mon silence, Comment te fais tu a la vie de Cognac j'espere que tu es maintenant tout a fait un Coulongour. J'ai ecrit a Maman et a Louise il y a une ou deux semaines, J'ai ecrit a mon oncle avant de Quitter de Londres mais n'ai pas reçu de reponse Lorsque ma lettre vous arrivera vous serez

[[label: Letter text - page 3]] dans le port de nos Elections, je desire bien que vous me donniez des nouvelles comment elles se seront passées. J'ai en durant mon voyage depuis plus de trois mois a peu pres toujours le même temps et un beau soleil au nord je n'ai pas pu encore rencontrer de veritable jour glaciale. hier soir seulement comme je rentrais un certain vent de [bize?] soufflait joliment fort et je crus que pour cette fois je devais avisé que Glasgow et toute l'Ecosse enseveli sous la neige mais le vent a changé ce matin et nous avons le temps le plus doux possible. Adieu Cher frere je t'embrasse de tout mon coeur tu ecriras a maman sous peu de jours, j'ai reçu une charmante lettre hier de l'Abbé Chaillet il ecrit parfaitement. Adieu mes bons parents amis je vous embrasse quoique d'un peu loin de tout mon coeur et espere vous revoir avant longtemps. L. Chard

[[label: Address panel]] Messrs. Otard Dupuy & Co in Cognac France [[notes]] Editorial notes: The address and historical trade-house wording were checked against the authoritative address-panel image and preserved as one correspondent entity.

[[label: Letter text - page 1]] Glasgow February 21, 1829. I received your letter of the 7th inst. & my arrival here on the 19th inst. in the evening. As you had recommended, I passed through Whitehaven, I saw Messrs W. Jefferson & neuve there, who is not our good house, but Messrs Butler and some good houses in Liverpool had recommended that I see, Messrs Spittall & Matthews but these two houses had given their orders and after having held me with consideration about the reputation of the house, they assured me that in their next imports, they will think and will certainly address themselves to us. As for what I wrote to you from Bristol and Liverpool, my intention has never been to desire that you pass such and such a note, based on what I wrote to you, but I informed you of the situation of these different places and of the propositions that had been made there to Messrs Butler and to me, to give you an idea of what our Commerce is in these different ports.

[[label: Letter text - page 2]] these are notes that I am sending you you will act according to your way of seeing things. I have only a few things to tell you, God knows well that since the day before yesterday I wrote to you all a few days ago. Your respectful and friend I embrace you with all my heart L. Chard P. Guilhem I have not written to you my dear brother for two or 3 weeks but be well assured that the hassles of the trip and preoccupations are all the cause of my silence, How are you doing with life in Cognac I hope that you are now completely a Coulongour. I wrote to Mom and to Louise a week or two ago, I wrote to my uncle before leaving London but have not received a reply When my letter reaches you you will be

[[label: Letter text - page 3]] at the time of our Elections, I really desire that you give me news of how they will have passed. I have had during my trip for more than three months almost always the same weather and a beautiful sun in the north I have not yet been able to encounter a real icy day. only yesterday evening as I was returning a certain north-east wind was blowing quite strongly and I believed that for this time I had to be advised that Glasgow and all of Scotland were buried under the snow but the wind changed this morning and we have the mildest weather possible. Goodbye Dear brother I embrace you with all my heart you will write to mom in a few days, I received a charming letter yesterday from Abbé Chaillet he writes perfectly. Goodbye my good parents friends I embrace you although from a little far with all my heart and hope to see you again before long. L. Chard

Every complete capture, documentary role, address panel, date, names, commercial evidence and postal evidence was directly checked against the authoritative images; unresolved readings remain explicitly marked. Date evidence: The dateline reads Glasgow 21 Février 1829. Origin evidence: Glasgow is written in the dateline. Recipient layers: postal addressee — Otard Dupuy & Co; textual addressee — Otard Dupuy & Co; P. Guilhem (personal postscript).


Letter from Robt. Buchanan to Otard Dupuy & Co concerning an accepted draft and a possible brandy cargo for Canada, 1835-07-09

Robt. Buchanan returns an accepted draft on Thomas Anderson & Son and advises Otard Dupuy & Co that a brandy cargo for the Canadian market may sell if it reaches Scotland before mid-August. He recommends chartering directly to Port Glasgow because its landing and warehouse charges are lower than Greenock's.

Glasgow–Cognac; proposed cargo via Port Glasgow for Canada

Cognac trade
Commercial correspondence
Bills of exchange
Accepted drafts
Brandy cargoes
Canada trade
Port Glasgow
Greenock
Warehousing charges
Robt. Buchanan
Otard Dupuy & Co
Glasgow
Canada
Otard Dupuy
Britain

Cognac & Trade

NRA-L-000443 - Image 1: Address panel and postal evidence

Address panel and postal evidence.

NRA-L-000443 image 1 showing the folded manuscript address panel on cream paper, with the written delivery address, postal markings and closure evidence.

Publicly available images, transcriptions, translations, metadata and descriptions may be copied, shared, reproduced and republished, in whole or in part, for non-commercial purposes, provided that Neruda Archives is clearly credited and the relevant item identifier and stable URL are preserved. This permission includes non-commercial scholarly, educational, editorial, exhibition, website and social-media use. Automated machine use, including crawling, indexing, text and data mining, retrieval, embeddings and AI training by commercial and non-commercial systems, is permitted, provided provenance is retained where technically feasible and the item identifier and stable URL are preserved in source records or associated documentation. Commercial publication, commercial reproduction, resale, advertising use, paid access to a database or dataset and bulk redistribution of images require prior written permission. For the avoidance of doubt, permission is not required merely because an AI system or its operator is commercial. The images displayed and downloadable on this page are public access copies, and the permissions above apply to those files. Access to non-public source scans (preservation masters) or files specially prepared for print, where available, requires prior written agreement. Attribution may not be removed or replaced by false or misleading attribution.

NRA-L-000443 - Image 2: Letter text - Page 1

Letter text - Page 1.

NRA-L-000443 image 2 showing page 1 of the English commercial letter on cream paper.

NRA-L-000443 - Image 3: Letter text - Page 2 and signature

Letter text - Page 2 and signature.

NRA-L-000443 image 3 showing page 2 of the English commercial letter on cream paper, including the closing and signature.

[[label: Address panel]] Messrs Otard Dupuy & Co Cognac France [[notes]] Editorial notes: The address and historical trade-house wording were checked against the authoritative address-panel image and preserved as one correspondent entity.

[[label: Letter text - page 1]] Glasgow 9. July 1835 Dear Sirs Referring to my respects of the 24th & 29th ulto. I now beg to hand you herewith the enclosed your dft on Thomas Anderson & Son of £51.6.9 accepted. As it is probable that a greater quantity of Brandy will be wanted for Canada this year than what has been a heavily purchased for him- -tily as the supply of Rum here is likely to be short this season. - I am of opinion that a Car- -go could be readily disposed of for shipment provided it be here before the middle of next month - say the 15th of August - but on no ac- -count to be later otherwise it may remain over till Spring. - Should you think of sending such a Cargo I would beg to recommend your rather chartering the vessel specially for Port Glasgow (a small sea port Town situated

[[label: Letter text - page 2]] about half way between Glasgow & Greenock / as I find the landing charges and warehouse rent will be considerably lower there, than at Greenock. Hoping soon to have the pleasure of hear- -ing from you, I remain very respectfully Dear Sirs Your most obd Servt Robt Buchanan

[[label: Letter text - page 1]] Glasgow 9. July 1835 Dear Sirs Referring to my respects of the 24th & 29th ultimo. I now beg to hand you herewith the enclosed your draft on Thomas Anderson & Son of £51.6.9 accepted. As it is probable that a greater quantity of Brandy will be wanted for Canada this year than what has been a heavily purchased for [him-tily?] as the supply of Rum here is likely to be short this season. - I am of opinion that a Cargo could be readily disposed of for shipment provided it be here before the middle of next month - say the 15th of August - but on no account to be later otherwise it may remain over till Spring. - Should you think of sending such a Cargo I would beg to recommend your rather chartering the vessel specially for Port Glasgow (a small sea port Town situated

[[label: Letter text - page 2]] about half way between Glasgow & Greenock / as I find the landing charges and warehouse rent will be considerably lower there, than at Greenock. Hoping soon to have the pleasure of hearing from you, I remain very respectfully Dear Sirs Your most obedient Servant Robert Buchanan

Every complete capture, documentary role, address panel, date, names, commercial evidence and postal evidence was directly checked against the authoritative images; unresolved readings remain explicitly marked. Date evidence: The dateline reads Glasgow 9 July 1835 and the signature reads Robt Buchanan. Origin evidence: Glasgow is written in the dateline.

Open public access. The images displayed and downloadable on each item page are public access copies. Non-commercial reuse of those images and of public transcriptions, translations, metadata and descriptions is permitted with clear credit to Neruda Archives and preservation of the relevant item identifier and stable URL. Automated use and AI training are permitted for commercial and non-commercial systems with provenance retained where technically feasible. Commercial republication, resale, advertising, paid database or dataset access and bulk image redistribution require prior written permission. Access to non-public source scans (preservation masters) or files specially prepared for print, where available, requires prior written agreement.


Letter from Mylius & Hartwig to Barraud Saudau & Cie concerning a cognac cask delivered in Vienna and its fire-insurance value, 1888-09-29

Mylius & Hartwig report that the railway delivered cognac cask HT 1559 to Sieboecht & Cie in Vienna for Heinrich Taglicht and request the value needed to arrange fire insurance. The letter documents cognac distribution between Hamburg and Vienna.

Hamburg–Cognac; cognac delivery to Vienna

Cognac trade
Commercial correspondence
Cognac casks
Rail freight
Fire insurance
Goods in transit
Mylius & Hartwig
Barraud Saudau & Cie
Sieboecht & Cie
Heinrich Taglicht
Hamburg
Vienna
Cognac
Barraud Saudau
Central Europe

Cognac & Trade

NRA-L-000444 - Image 1: Address panel and postal evidence

Address panel and postal evidence.

NRA-L-000444 image 1 showing the folded manuscript address panel on cream paper, with the written delivery address, postal markings and closure evidence.

NRA-L-000444 - Image 2: Letter text and signature

Letter text and signature.

NRA-L-000444 image 2 showing page 1 of the French commercial letter on cream paper, including the closing and signature.

[[label: Address panel]] Messieurs Barraud Saudau & Cie Cognac France [[notes]] Editorial notes: The address and historical trade-house wording were checked against the authoritative address-panel image and preserved as one correspondent entity.

[[label: Letter text - page 1]] MYLIUS & HARTWIG Telegramm-Adresse: ,,Mylart Hamburg." HAMBURG, den 29 Septembre 1888. 1. Klosterstrasse No. 3. Nous vous bien reçu, Messieurs, vos honorées des 13 et 22 cr. - L'administration du chemin de fer a delivré le fut Cognac H T 1559 à Mss Sieboecht & Cie, I. Seitzergasse 5 à Vienne et nous leur avons donné l'ordre de le tenir à la disposition de Mr Heinrich Taglicht, sous suite du frêt. - Sur proposition de votre, estimée du [jour?], nous nous sommes empressés d'écrire à Mr Taglicht, de la manière voulue. - Mss Sieboecht & Cie, que nous avons chargés à couvrir l'assurance contre l'incendie, viennent de nous demander de la valeur à assurer. Nous vous prions en suite de nous informer à cet égard, par retour de courrier. Agréez, Messieurs, nos salutations bien empressées Mylius & Hartwig

[[label: Address panel]] Messrs. Barraud Saudau & Co. Cognac France [[notes]] Editorial notes: The address and historical trade-house wording were checked against the authoritative address-panel image and preserved as one correspondent entity.

[[label: Letter text - page 1]] MYLIUS & HARTWIG Telegram Address: "Mylart Hamburg." HAMBURG, the 29 September 1888. 1. Klosterstrasse No. 3. We have duly received, Gentlemen, your esteemed letters of the 13th and 22nd current. - The railway administration has delivered the cask of Cognac H T 1559 to Messrs. Sieboecht & Co., I. Seitzergasse 5 in Vienna and we have given them the order to hold it at the disposal of Mr. Heinrich Taglicht, upon payment of the freight. - Upon the proposal of your esteemed letter of the [day?], we hastened to write to Mr. Taglicht, in the desired manner. - Messrs. Sieboecht & Co., whom we have instructed to cover the insurance against fire, have just asked us for the value to be insured. We therefore ask you to inform us in this regard, by return mail. Accept, Gentlemen, our most cordial salutations Mylius & Hartwig

Every complete capture, documentary role, address panel, date, names, commercial evidence and postal evidence was directly checked against the authoritative images; unresolved readings remain explicitly marked. Date evidence: The printed and handwritten dateline reads Hamburg, den 29 Septembre 1888. Origin evidence: Hamburg appears in the letterhead and dateline.


Letter from David Filleul to Vivien Foucaud ordering 500 to 600 litres of cognac, 1869-01-16

David Filleul acknowledges receipt of a sample and asks Vivien Foucaud to send 500 to 600 litres of matching cognac during the following month. He requests a strong cask or barrel because he intends to keep it in storage.

Pons, Charente-Inférieure, France
Cognac, Charente, France
Pons–Cognac

Cognac trade
Commercial correspondence
Cognac orders
Samples
Casks
Warehouse storage
David Filleul
Vivien Foucaud
Pons
Cognac
France — domestic trade

Cognac & Trade

NRA-L-000445 - Image 1: Address panel and postal evidence

Address panel and postal evidence.

NRA-L-000445 image 1 showing the folded manuscript address panel on cream paper, with the written delivery address, postal markings and closure evidence.

NRA-L-000445 - Image 2: Letter text - Page 1

Letter text - Page 1.

NRA-L-000445 image 2 showing page 1 of the French commercial letter on cream paper.

NRA-L-000445 - Image 3: Letter text - Page 2, signature and contemporary docketing

Letter text - Page 2, signature and contemporary docketing.

NRA-L-000445 image 3 showing the second page of the French commercial letter with its signature, folds, paper losses and contemporary docketing.

[[label: Address panel]] Monsieur Vivien Foucaud à Cognac [[notes]] Editorial notes: The address and historical trade-house wording were checked against the authoritative address-panel image and preserved as one correspondent entity.

[[label: Letter text - page 1]] Pons le 16 Janvier 1869 Monsieur Je viens seulement de recevoir l'échantillon que vous avez bien voulu m'expédier, veuillez je vous prie me faire parvenir dans le courant du mois prochain de 500 à 600 Litres Cognac conforme à l'échantillon d'expédition d'aujourd'hui petit goût sur l'argent si cela est possible, je vous recommande Monsieur un fut ou une forte barrique bois et Cercles Conditions, mon intention étant de Conserver

[[label: Letter text - page 2]] ce fut en magasin. En attendant de nouvelles affaires Madame Dévot et moi vous prions Monsieur de vouloir bien agréer nos meilleurs Souvenirs et de se souvenir de vos Saluts David Filleul [[notes]] Editorial notes: The dateline Pons and signature David Filleul were checked against the original-color image and address-side docketing.

[[label: Address panel]] Mr. Vivien Foucaud in Cognac [[notes]] Editorial notes: The address and historical trade-house wording were checked against the authoritative address-panel image and preserved as one correspondent entity.

[[label: Letter text - page 1]] Pons, January 16, 1869 Sir, I have just received the sample that you were kind enough to send me, please I beg you to send me during the course of the next month from 500 to 600 Liters of Cognac conforming to the sample from today's shipment, a slight taste on the money if that is possible, I recommend to you Sir a cask or a strong barrel wood and Hoops Conditions, my intention being to Keep

[[label: Letter text - page 2]] this cask in the warehouse. While awaiting new business Mrs. Dévot and I ask you Sir to please accept our best Regards and to remember your Greetings David Filleul [[notes]] Editorial notes: The dateline Pons and signature David Filleul were checked against the original-color image and address-side docketing.

Every complete capture, documentary role, address panel, date, names, commercial evidence and postal evidence was directly checked against the authoritative images; unresolved readings remain explicitly marked. Date evidence: The dateline reads Pons le 16 Janvier 1869; the signature and address-side docket support David Filleul. Origin evidence: Pons is written in the dateline.


Letter from Robt. Williamson to Bellot & Foucaud concerning cognac samples forwarded from Liverpool to Dublin, 1864-12-29

Acting on instructions from Harrison's of Liverpool, Robt. Williamson informs Bellot & Foucaud that a case of samples marked GE, carried by the Tamaulipas, was forwarded by steamer to Mr Fitzgerald in Dublin on 17 December.

Cognac trade
Commercial correspondence
Cognac samples
Forwarding
Steamships
Tamaulipas (ship)
Harrison's of Liverpool
Robt. Williamson
Bellot & Foucaud
Mr Fitzgerald
Liverpool
Dublin
Cognac
Britain

Cognac & Trade

NRA-L-000446 - Image 1: Address panel and postal evidence

Address panel and postal evidence.

NRA-L-000446 image 1 showing the folded manuscript address panel on blue paper, with the written delivery address, postal markings and closure evidence.

NRA-L-000446 - Image 2: Letter text and signature

Letter text and signature.

NRA-L-000446 image 2 showing page 1 of the English commercial letter on blue paper, including the closing and signature.

[[label: Address panel]] Messrs Bellot & Foucaud Négociant à Cognac [[notes]] Editorial notes: The address and historical trade-house wording were checked against the authoritative address-panel image and preserved as one correspondent entity.

[[label: Letter text - page 1]] Charente 29th December 1864 Gentlemen Been instructed by Messrs Harrison's of Liverpool to advise you that the case of Samples GE per Tamaulipas has been forward to Mr Fitzgerald Dublin by the Steamer of the 17th Inst I am Gentlemen yours Respectfully Robt Williamson.

[[label: Address panel]] Messrs Bellot & Foucaud Merchant in Cognac [[notes]] Editorial notes: The address and historical trade-house wording were checked against the authoritative address-panel image and preserved as one correspondent entity.

Every complete capture, documentary role, address panel, date, names, commercial evidence and postal evidence was directly checked against the authoritative images; unresolved readings remain explicitly marked. Date evidence: The dateline reads Charente 29th December 1864 and the signature reads Robt Williamson. Origin evidence: Charente is written in the dateline; no more specific origin is asserted.


Letter from James Hill to Renault & Co concerning six quarter-casks of brandy and an invoice discrepancy, 1832-03-17

James Hill writes to Renault & Co about six quarter-casks of brandy, comparing their gallonage and duty with the invoice and placing the difference to the firm's debit. A calculation panel lists the six casks and directs that a payment be made to Hill for Mr McKenzie.

Glasgow, Scotland
Cognac, Charente, France
Glasgow–Cognac

Cognac trade
Commercial correspondence
Brandy casks
Quarter-casks
Invoices
Customs duty
Account discrepancies
James Hill
Renault & Co
Glasgow
Cognac
Renault
Britain

Cognac & Trade

NRA-L-000447 - Image 1: Address panel and postal evidence

Address panel and postal evidence.

NRA-L-000447 image 1 showing the folded manuscript address panel on cream paper, with the written delivery address, postal markings and closure evidence.

NRA-L-000447 - Image 2: Letter text - Page 1

Letter text - Page 1.

NRA-L-000447 image 2 showing page 1 of the English commercial letter on cream paper.

NRA-L-000447 - Image 3: Letter text - Page 2, calculations and signature

Letter text - Page 2, calculations and signature.

NRA-L-000447 image 3 showing the second page of the English commercial letter with calculations, signature and closure mark.

[[label: Address panel]] Messrs. Renault & Co Brandy Merchants Cognac France [[notes]] Editorial notes: The address and historical trade-house wording were checked against the authoritative address-panel image and preserved as one correspondent entity.

[[label: Letter text - page 1]] Glasgow 17 Mar 1832 Gents. I am favored with yours with 6 Casks Brandy containing [1161?] Galls, upon which by the invoice the Duty, a Copy of which is on the margin, is and per invoice I am to pay the whole for 25 Gall free & must pay the whole the difference I have put to your debit & when the bill falls due, I will thank you to instruct some party to pay the same to me at home. I cannot pay the bill as it is of much as I will make up the transaction, expecting to hear from you in course I am Gents Your most obt James Hill [[notes]] Editorial notes: The handwriting on this page is extremely faint and difficult to read. The transcription is tentative.

[[label: Letter text - page 2]] Copy of 6 Quartr Casks Brandy by Thos. Ingram Bonding from Moodys Court Glasgow #1 26. 25 "2 26. 25 "3 26. 25 "4 26. 25 "5 26. 25 "6 26. 25 ------- 156. 150 From which 150 Galls 150 8 Galls 3/10 is £ 1. 10. 8 on which please cause Mess. de Allen & Co pay to me Jas Hill For Mr. Mc Kenzie

[[label: Letter text - page 1]] Glasgow 17 March 1832 Gentlemen, I am favored with yours with 6 Casks Brandy containing [1161?] Gallons, upon which by the invoice the Duty, a Copy of which is on the margin, is and per invoice I am to pay the whole for 25 Gallons free & must pay the whole the difference I have put to your debit & when the bill falls due, I will thank you to instruct some party to pay the same to me at home. I cannot pay the bill as it is of much as I will make up the transaction, expecting to hear from you in course I am Gentlemen Your most obedient James Hill [[notes]] Editorial notes: The handwriting on this page is extremely faint and difficult to read. The transcription is tentative.

[[label: Letter text - page 2]] Copy of 6 Quarter Casks Brandy by Thos. Ingram Bonding from Moodys Court Glasgow #1 26. 25 "2 26. 25 "3 26. 25 "4 26. 25 "5 26. 25 "6 26. 25 ------- 156. 150 From which 150 Gallons 150 8 Gallons 3/10 is £ 1. 10. 8 on which please cause Messrs. de Allen & Co pay to me Jas Hill For Mr. Mc Kenzie

Every complete capture, documentary role, address panel, date, names, commercial evidence and postal evidence was directly checked against the authoritative images; unresolved readings remain explicitly marked. Date evidence: The dateline reads Glasgow 17 Mar 1832 and the signature reads James Hill. Origin evidence: Glasgow is written in the dateline.


Letter from Poulain to Hine Ths & Cie requesting prices and terms for new and matured eaux-de-vie, 1866-06-19

Poulain, a Paris wholesale wine and spirits merchant, asks Hine Ths & Cie for current prices and sale terms for new and matured eaux-de-vie in various qualities. The address was corrected in the original from Cognac to Jarnac.

Paris, France
Jarnac, Charente, France
Paris–Jarnac

Cognac trade
Commercial correspondence
Eaux-de-vie
Price enquiries
Terms of sale
Poulain
Hine Ths & Cie
Thomas Hine & Co
Paris
Jarnac
Hine
France — domestic trade

Cognac & Trade

NRA-L-000448 - Image 1: Address panel and postal evidence

Address panel and postal evidence.

NRA-L-000448 image 1 showing the folded manuscript address panel on blue paper, with the written delivery address, postal markings and closure evidence.

NRA-L-000448 - Image 2: Letter text and signature

Letter text and signature.

NRA-L-000448 image 2 showing page 1 of the French commercial letter on blue paper, including the closing and signature.

[[label: Address panel]] Messieurs Hine Ths & Cie, Négts à [Cognac, biffé] Jarnac Charente [[notes]] Editorial notes: The address, corrections in the historical address and correspondent form were checked against the authoritative address-panel image; postal markings are not expanded into a public numerical dump.

[[label: Letter text - page 1]] [En-tête imprimé : VINS & SPIRITUEUX EN GROS / POULAIN / [qualification imprimée difficile à lire] / 57, Boulevard de la Gare / PARIS] Paris, le 19 juin 1866 Je viens vous prier de me donner le cours de vos eaux-de-vie nouvelles et rassises des diverses qualités ainsi que les conditions de vente. En attendant le plaisir de vous lire, veuillez agréer, Messieurs, mes salutations distinguées. Poulain [[notes]] Editorial notes: Codex independently reviewed the original-color image and supporting variants; unclear clauses are marked explicitly instead of being completed mechanically.

[[label: Address panel]] Messrs. Hine Ths & Co., merchants in [Cognac, crossed out] Jarnac Charente [[notes]] Editorial notes: The address, corrections in the historical address and correspondent form were checked against the authoritative address-panel image; postal markings are not expanded into a public numerical dump.

[[label: Letter text - page 1]] [Printed letterhead: WINES & SPIRITS WHOLESALE / POULAIN / [printed qualification difficult to read] / 57 Boulevard de la Gare / PARIS] Paris, 19 June 1866 I ask you to give me the current prices of your new and matured eaux-de-vie of the various qualities, as well as the terms of sale. Awaiting the pleasure of hearing from you, please accept, Gentlemen, my distinguished greetings. Poulain [[notes]] Editorial notes: Codex independently reviewed the original-color image and supporting variants; unclear clauses are marked explicitly instead of being completed mechanically.

Every complete capture, documentary role, address panel, date, names, commercial evidence and postal evidence was directly checked against the authoritative images; unresolved readings remain explicitly marked. Date evidence: The dateline reads Paris le 19 juin 1866. Origin evidence: Paris appears in the printed letterhead and dateline; Jarnac is the handwritten correction in the address.


Letter from Curlier Frères & Cie to A. Lalande & Cie concerning a draft, earlier invoices and an account transfer, 1872-05-24

Curlier Frères & Cie, successors to F. Courvoisier & Curlier Frères, provide A. Lalande & Cie with requested account clarifications. The securely legible passages concern a draft, earlier invoices and a proposed transfer; several names, dates and accounting clauses in the faint handwriting remain explicitly unresolved.

Jarnac, Charente, France
Bordeaux, Gironde, France
Jarnac–Bordeaux

Cognac trade
Commercial correspondence
Account clarification
Bills of exchange
Invoices
Remittances
Curlier Frères & Cie
F. Courvoisier & Curlier Frères
A. Lalande & Cie
Jarnac
Bordeaux
Courvoisier
France — domestic trade

Cognac & Trade

NRA-L-000449 - Image 1: Address panel and postal evidence

Address panel and postal evidence.

NRA-L-000449 image 1 showing the folded manuscript address panel on cream paper, with the written delivery address, postal markings and closure evidence.

NRA-L-000449 - Image 2: Letter text and signature

Letter text and signature.

NRA-L-000449 image 2 showing page 1 of the French commercial letter on cream paper, including the closing and signature.

[[label: Address panel]] Messieurs A. Lalande & Cie Négts 94 Quai des Chartrons Bordeaux (Gironde) [[notes]] Editorial notes: The address, corrections in the historical address and correspondent form were checked against the authoritative address-panel image; postal markings are not expanded into a public numerical dump.

[[label: Letter text - page 1]] [En-tête imprimé : F. COURVOISIER & CURLIER FRÈRES / CURLIER FRÈRES & Cie / Successeurs / JARNAC-COGNAC] Jarnac-Cognac, le 24 Mai 1872 Nous venons vous donner les éclaircissements que vous nous demandez [?] par votre missive du 8 [?] du courant. Veuillez disposer par traite sur notre Maison de [lieu difficile à lire], pour le montant de ce qui vous est dû par M. [nom difficile à lire]. À ce sujet, M. [nom difficile à lire] nous fait remarquer que le 21 Septembre [passage comptable difficile à lire] et qu'à cette même date il se serait empressé de vous régler également votre facture du 28 Juillet 1868 [?], si vous aviez bien voulu la lui présenter. D'après ceci, sauf maintenant [?] d'objection de votre part, notre prochain virement de fr. [2 944,55 ?] [fin de phrase difficile à lire]. Nous vous prions d'agréer, Messieurs, nos bien cordiales et empressées salutations. Curlier frères & Cie [[notes]] Editorial notes: Codex independently reviewed the original-color image and supporting variants; unclear clauses are marked explicitly instead of being completed mechanically.

[[label: Address panel]] Messrs. A. Lalande & Co. Merchants 94 Quai des Chartrons Bordeaux (Gironde) [[notes]] Editorial notes: The address, corrections in the historical address and correspondent form were checked against the authoritative address-panel image; postal markings are not expanded into a public numerical dump.

[[label: Letter text - page 1]] [Printed letterhead: F. COURVOISIER & CURLIER FRÈRES / CURLIER FRÈRES & Co. / Successors / JARNAC-COGNAC] Jarnac-Cognac, 24 May 1872 We are writing to give you the clarifications you requested [?] in your letter of the 8th [?] of the current month. Please draw by draft on our house in [place difficult to read], for the amount owed to you by Mr [name difficult to read]. In this connection, Mr [name difficult to read] points out to us that on 21 September [accounting passage difficult to read] and that on that same date he would also have been ready to settle your invoice of 28 July 1868 [?], if you had been willing to present it to him. Accordingly, unless there is now [?] an objection on your part, our next transfer of fr. [2,944.55 ?] [end of sentence difficult to read]. Please accept, Gentlemen, our very cordial and attentive greetings. Curlier Brothers & Co. [[notes]] Editorial notes: Codex independently reviewed the original-color image and supporting variants; unclear clauses are marked explicitly instead of being completed mechanically.

Every complete capture, documentary role, address panel, date, names, commercial evidence and postal evidence was directly checked against the authoritative images; unresolved readings remain explicitly marked. Date evidence: The dateline reads Jarnac-Cognac le 24 Mai 1872; the address side bears the same date. Origin evidence: Jarnac-Cognac is printed and written in the dateline.


Letter from E. Follin to Bellot & Foucaud notifying them of a draft for 82.90 francs, 1868-01-24

E. Follin, a commercial representative in Reims, informs Bellot & Foucaud that he has drawn on them for 82.90 francs, payable on 10 February.

Reims, Marne, France
Cognac, Charente, France
Reims–Cognac

Cognac trade
Commercial correspondence
Bills of exchange
Drafts
E. Follin
Bellot & Foucaud
Reims
Cognac
France — domestic trade

Cognac & Trade

NRA-L-000450 - Image 1: Address panel and postal evidence

Address panel and postal evidence.

NRA-L-000450 image 1 showing the folded manuscript address panel on blue paper, with the written delivery address, postal markings and closure evidence.

NRA-L-000450 - Image 2: Letter text and signature

Letter text and signature.

NRA-L-000450 image 2 showing page 1 of the French commercial letter on blue paper, including the closing and signature.

[[label: Address panel]] Messieurs Bellot & Foucaud Cognac [[notes]] Editorial notes: The address, corrections in the historical address and correspondent form were checked against the authoritative address-panel image; postal markings are not expanded into a public numerical dump.

[[label: Letter text - page 1]] [En-tête imprimé : Rue du Cadran-St-Pierre, 1 / E. FOLLIN / Représentant de Commerce / REIMS] Reims, le 24 Janvier 1868 J'ai l'honneur de vous faire part que j'ai disposé sur vous au 10 février de fr. 82,90. Votre tout dévoué, E. Follin [[notes]] Editorial notes: Codex independently reviewed the original-color image and supporting variants; unclear clauses are marked explicitly instead of being completed mechanically.

[[label: Address panel]] Messrs. Bellot & Foucaud Cognac [[notes]] Editorial notes: The address, corrections in the historical address and correspondent form were checked against the authoritative address-panel image; postal markings are not expanded into a public numerical dump.

[[label: Letter text - page 1]] [Printed letterhead: 1 Rue du Cadran-St-Pierre / E. FOLLIN / Commercial Representative / REIMS] Reims, 24 January 1868 I have the honour to inform you that I have drawn on you for 10 February in the amount of 82.90 francs. Yours devotedly, E. Follin [[notes]] Editorial notes: Codex independently reviewed the original-color image and supporting variants; unclear clauses are marked explicitly instead of being completed mechanically.

Every complete capture, documentary role, address panel, date, names, commercial evidence and postal evidence was directly checked against the authoritative images; unresolved readings remain explicitly marked. Date evidence: The dateline reads Reims le 24 Janvier 1868. Origin evidence: Reims appears in the printed letterhead and dateline.


Letter from J. Labadie Fils to X. Planché ordering bottles of 1868 and 1869 eaux-de-vie for distribution, 1872-09-19

J. Labadie Fils asks X. Planché to dispatch twelve bottles promptly, together with suitable 1868 and 1869 eaux-de-vie at specified strengths. The writer intends to distribute them among several proprietors and believes additional bottles may be placed.

La Redorte, Aude, France
Laplante, Cognac, Charente, France
La Redorte–Laplante (Cognac)

Cognac trade
Commercial correspondence
Eaux-de-vie
Bottle orders
Samples
Vintage years
Alcoholic strength
Distribution
J. Labadie Fils
X. Planché
La Redorte
Laplante
Cognac
France — domestic trade

Cognac & Trade

NRA-L-000451 - Image 1: Address panel and postal evidence

Address panel and postal evidence.

NRA-L-000451 image 1 showing the folded manuscript address panel on cream paper, with the written delivery address, postal markings and closure evidence.

NRA-L-000451 - Image 2: Letter text and signature

Letter text and signature.

NRA-L-000451 image 2 showing page 1 of the French commercial letter on cream paper, including the closing and signature.

[[label: Address panel]] Monsieur X. Planché, Propriétaire à Laplante (Cognac) [[notes]] Editorial notes: The address, corrections in the historical address and correspondent form were checked against the authoritative address-panel image; postal markings are not expanded into a public numerical dump.

[[label: Letter text - page 1]] [En-tête imprimé : J. LABADIE FILS / Négts Comts / À LA REDORTE (Aude)] La Redorte, le 19 7bre 1872 En réponse à votre honorée du 17 ct, envoyez-moi les 12 bouteilles à votre factage [?], à m'expédier de suite, et tout ce que vous avez de bon des 1869, soit à 64–66 degrés; donnez-nous des 1868 au degré voulu, bons à consommer de suite, vu que c'est une distribution que j'aurai à faire pour plusieurs propriétaires. Comme je vous l'ai dit dans ma dernière, [passage difficile à lire] ne m'empêche pas que vous nous envoyiez du bon [passage difficile à lire] vos eaux-de-vie. Certainement je pourrai même en placer quelques bouteilles. Sur l'expédition, le plus tôt me sera le mieux. Dans cette attente, recevez, Monsieur, mes bien cordiales salutations. J. Labadie [[notes]] Editorial notes: Codex independently reviewed the original-color image and supporting variants; unclear clauses are marked explicitly instead of being completed mechanically.

[[label: Address panel]] Mr. X. Planché, proprietor in Laplante (Cognac) [[notes]] Editorial notes: The address, corrections in the historical address and correspondent form were checked against the authoritative address-panel image; postal markings are not expanded into a public numerical dump.

[[label: Letter text - page 1]] [Printed letterhead: J. LABADIE FILS / Merchants and commission agents / LA REDORTE (Aude)] La Redorte, 19 September 1872 In reply to your esteemed letter of the 17th current, send me the 12 bottles through your forwarding arrangement [?], to be dispatched to me at once, and all the good 1869 stock you have, at 64–66 degrees; give us 1868 stock at the requested strength, good for immediate consumption, since this is a distribution I shall make to several proprietors. As I told you in my last letter, [passage difficult to read] does not prevent you from sending us good [passage difficult to read] your eaux-de-vie. I shall certainly be able to place a few bottles as well. For the shipment, the sooner it is sent, the better for me. Meanwhile, please accept, Sir, my very cordial greetings. J. Labadie [[notes]] Editorial notes: Codex independently reviewed the original-color image and supporting variants; unclear clauses are marked explicitly instead of being completed mechanically.

Every complete capture, documentary role, address panel, date, names, commercial evidence and postal evidence was directly checked against the authoritative images; unresolved readings remain explicitly marked. Date evidence: The dateline reads La Redorte le 19 7bre 1872; 7bre is the historical abbreviation for September. Origin evidence: La Redorte appears in the letterhead and dateline; Laplante (Cognac) is written in the address.


Letter from L. Collas to J. Coucaud & Cie discussing a commercial proposal, products, prices and a possible order, 1872-05-28

L. Collas acknowledges letters from J. Coucaud & Cie and explains that other work prevented a visit to discuss their proposal. The faint central passage considers products, prices, buyers and sellers, with references to 1867 and 1868; Collas also mentions Ch. Pélisson, a possible delivery of 48 casks and C. Lambertin of Lambertin Frères before a possible order.

Bordeaux, Gironde, France
Cognac, Charente, France
Bordeaux–Cognac

Cognac trade
Armagnac trade
Commercial correspondence
Commercial proposals
Price negotiations
Casks
Orders
L. Collas
J. Coucaud & Cie
Ch. Pélisson
C. Lambertin
Lambertin Frères
Bordeaux
Cognac
Coucaud
France — domestic trade

Cognac & Trade

NRA-L-000452 - Image 1: Address panel and postal evidence

Address panel and postal evidence.

NRA-L-000452 image 1 showing the folded manuscript address panel on blue paper, with the written delivery address, postal markings and closure evidence.

NRA-L-000452 - Image 2: Letter text and signature

Letter text and signature.

NRA-L-000452 image 2 showing page 1 of the French commercial letter on blue paper, including the closing and signature.

[[label: Address panel]] Monsieur J. Coucaud & Cie à Cognac Charente [[notes]] Editorial notes: The address, corrections in the historical address and correspondent form were checked against the authoritative address-panel image; postal markings are not expanded into a public numerical dump.

[[label: Letter text - page 1]] [En-tête imprimé : L. COLLAS / Commissionnaire en Vins / COGNAC, ARMAGNAC / 1res Marques des Vins de Champagne / Place Canteloup, 22 / BORDEAUX] Bordeaux, le 28 Mai 1872 J'ai bien reçu en son temps vos estimées lettres du 19 & 26 ct. Pour répondre à la première, j'attendais l'occasion de vous faire une visite et parler de votre proposition; malheureusement mes diverses occupations m'en empêchent. [Passage commercial difficile à lire : produits, prix, acheteurs, vendeurs, les années 1867 et 1868 et des degrés d'alcool sont mentionnés.] M. Ch. Pélisson [passage difficile à lire concernant une expédition et une livraison de 48 fûts [?]]; on causera de cela le 30 de ce mois. M. C. Lambertin, de la maison Lambertin frères, est en ce moment sur le départ; à son arrivée, on se fera le plaisir de vous en donner ordre. En attendant, veuillez agréer mes bien cordiales salutations. L. Collas [[notes]] Editorial notes: Codex independently reviewed the original-color image and supporting variants; unclear clauses are marked explicitly instead of being completed mechanically.

[[label: Address panel]] Mr. J. Coucaud & Co. in Cognac Charente [[notes]] Editorial notes: The address, corrections in the historical address and correspondent form were checked against the authoritative address-panel image; postal markings are not expanded into a public numerical dump.

[[label: Letter text - page 1]] [Printed letterhead: L. COLLAS / Wine Commission Agent / COGNAC, ARMAGNAC / Leading Champagne Wine Brands / 22 Place Canteloup / BORDEAUX] Bordeaux, 28 May 1872 I duly received your esteemed letters of the 19th and 26th current. To answer the first, I was waiting for an opportunity to visit you and discuss your proposal; unfortunately my various occupations have prevented me. [Commercial passage difficult to read: products, prices, buyers, sellers, the years 1867 and 1868, and alcoholic strengths are mentioned.] Mr Ch. Pélisson [passage difficult to read concerning a shipment and a delivery of 48 casks [?]]; we shall discuss it on the 30th of this month. Mr C. Lambertin, of the firm Lambertin Brothers, is presently about to depart; upon his arrival, we shall be pleased to give you an order. Meanwhile, please accept my very cordial greetings. L. Collas [[notes]] Editorial notes: Codex independently reviewed the original-color image and supporting variants; unclear clauses are marked explicitly instead of being completed mechanically.

Every complete capture, documentary role, address panel, date, names, commercial evidence and postal evidence was directly checked against the authoritative images; unresolved readings remain explicitly marked. Date evidence: The dateline reads Bordeaux le 28 Mai 1872. Origin evidence: Bordeaux appears in the printed letterhead and dateline.


Invoice and letter from Serres Père & Fils to Mme Vve David for one cask of 1860 fine Champagne cognac, 1862-11-04

Serres Père & Fils invoice Mme Vve David of Toulouse for one cask of 1860 fine Champagne cognac, dispatched by railway at her risk. The account records 323 litres adjusted to 60 degrees, priced at 190 francs per hectolitre for a total of 613.70 francs, payable against a draft on 28 February.

Cognac, Charente, France
Toulouse, Haute-Garonne, France
Cognac–Toulouse

Cognac trade
Commercial correspondence
Invoices
Fine Champagne cognac
Cognac casks
Rail freight
Bills of exchange
Alcoholic strength
Serres Père & Fils
Mme Vve David
Cognac
Toulouse
France — domestic trade

Cognac & Trade

NRA-L-000453 - Image 1: Address panel and postal evidence

Address panel and postal evidence.

NRA-L-000453 image 1 showing the folded manuscript address panel on blue paper, with the written delivery address, postal markings and closure evidence.

NRA-L-000453 - Image 2: Letter text, invoice calculations and signature

Letter text, invoice calculations and signature.

NRA-L-000453 image 2 showing the French commercial letter with invoice calculations, forwarding instructions and signature on blue paper.

[[label: Address panel]] Madame Vve David, Négte en liquides à Toulouse [[notes]] Editorial notes: The address, corrections in the historical address and correspondent form were checked against the authoritative address-panel image; postal markings are not expanded into a public numerical dump.

[[label: Letter text - page 1]] [En-tête imprimé : SPÉCIALITÉ DE COGNACS / SERRES PÈRE & FILS / Rue de Pons, 15 / À COGNAC] Cognac, le 4 9bre 1862 Facture à un fût Cognac fine Champagne (1860), acheté d'ordre et pour compte de Madame Vve David de Toulouse, que nous lui expédions à ses périls et risques par chemin de fer; payable c/ notre traite au 28 février prochain. Marqué comme en marge et dépotant comme suit : d. V. no 569 — un fût 308 litres à 63° 15 l. surface ——— 323 lit. à 60° à fr. 190 l'hectre : 613,70 Madame David, Négte à Toulouse Nous avons l'honneur, Madame, de vous remettre ci-dessus facture à un fût Cognac; nous pouvons vous assurer à l'avance que vous serez très satisfaite de notre envoi. Veuillez agréer, Madame, nos sincères salutations. Serres père et fils [[notes]] Editorial notes: Codex independently reviewed the original-color image and supporting variants; unclear clauses are marked explicitly instead of being completed mechanically.

[[label: Address panel]] Mrs. Widow David, merchant in wines and spirits in Toulouse [[notes]] Editorial notes: The address, corrections in the historical address and correspondent form were checked against the authoritative address-panel image; postal markings are not expanded into a public numerical dump.

[[label: Letter text - page 1]] [Printed letterhead: SPECIALITY OF COGNACS / SERRES PÈRE & FILS / 15 Rue de Pons / COGNAC] Cognac, 4 November 1862 Invoice for one cask of fine Champagne cognac (1860), purchased on instructions and for the account of Mrs Widow David of Toulouse, which we are sending to her at her peril and risk by railway; payable against our draft on 28 February next. Marked as in the margin and gauging as follows: d. V. no. 569 — one cask 308 litres at 63° 15 l. ullage allowance ——— 323 litres at 60°, at fr. 190 per hectolitre: 613.70 Mrs David, merchant in Toulouse We have the honour, Madam, to send you above the invoice for one cask of cognac; we can assure you in advance that you will be very satisfied with our shipment. Please accept, Madam, our sincere greetings. Serres Père & Fils [[notes]] Editorial notes: Codex independently reviewed the original-color image and supporting variants; unclear clauses are marked explicitly instead of being completed mechanically.

Every complete capture, documentary role, address panel, date, names, commercial evidence and postal evidence was directly checked against the authoritative images; unresolved readings remain explicitly marked. Date evidence: The dateline reads Cognac le 4 9bre 1862; 9bre is the historical abbreviation for November and the postal evidence is consistent with 4 November. Origin evidence: Cognac appears in the letterhead and dateline; Toulouse is written in the address.


Letter from Victor Barsalou to Otard Dupuy & Co ordering old brandies and discussing the New York market, 1855-08-28

Victor Barsalou confirms orders and shipping instructions for Otard Dupuy & Co brandies of several vintages, including V.O.P. and pale and dark qualities, and reports scarcity, active trade and high European exchange in New York.

New York–Cognac; correspondence via Boston and Liverpool; shipment from La Rochelle

Cognac trade
Commercial correspondence
Brandy orders
Old brandies
Vintages
V.O.P.
Shipping
Exchange rates
New York
Otard Dupuy & Co
Victor Barsalou
John A. F. Rachau
United States

Cognac & Trade

NRA-L-000454 - Image 1: Address panel and postal evidence

Address panel and postal evidence.

NRA-L-000454 image 1 showing the address panel to Otard Dupuy & Co in Cognac with postal evidence.

NRA-L-000454 - Image 2: Letter text and signature

Letter text and signature.

NRA-L-000454 image 2 showing handwritten commercial letter text, page 1, with the conclusion and signature.

[[label: Address panel]] Messrs. Otard Dupuy & Co Cognac. France

[[label: Documentary page 2]] New York 28. Aout 1855. Steamer America, Messrs. Otard Dupuy & Co Cognac. Messieurs J'ai l'honneur de vous confirmer ma lettre du 21. Ct & d'accuser réception de la votre du 8. dito. Je vois avec plaisir que vous vous disposiez à charger sur l'Angelo Brewer attendu à La Rochelle, mon ordre du 17. Juillet de 32 p & 4/4 pipes, augmenté des 30. 1/2 pipes que vous m'annonciez avoir mises de côté pour moi. Je pense qu'au lieu de m'appliquer ces 30. demi pipes en 1854, 51 & 50 comme l'annonçait votre lettre du 31. Juillet vous les aurez réparties sur les années 1854, 51, 48 & 46 dans la proportion de mon petit ordre supplémentaire du 19. Juin S'il en était autrement, comme je prévois avoir besoin d'une petite quantité de ces Eaux de Vie Vieilles, vous pourriez en composer encore un petit envoi comme suit. VB. 5. 1/2 pipes 1854. } 5. 1/2 " 1848. } edvie pale. { Si, comme je le suppose, les 30. 1/2 pipes ont { été expédiées pales, vous composeriez cet { envoi-ci de 2. 1/2 foncées. 3 1/2 pales pour 5. 1/2 " 1846. } { chaque qualité séparément. 3. p & 6. 1/4 pipes V.O.P, en doubles futailles, factures comme par le passé. 18. p 6 1/4. pipes Eaux de vie de votre marque - Je me trouve avoir particulièrement besoin des 3. 1/2 & 6. 1/4 VOP et quelle que chose qu'il en soit vous les ajouteriez au premier chargement que vous ferez pour moi, Les affaires ont beaucoup d'animation & la rareté des Eaux de vie sur notre place se fait sentir tous les jours plus. L'argent est abondant & le change sur l'Europe reste très-élevé. - J'ai l'honneur de vous saluer V Barsalou Mr Rachau n'est pas encore de retour de la campagne. - [[notes]] Editorial notes: The terminal signature reads V. Barsalou, matching the established Victor Barsalou authority; the final reference is to Mr Rachau.

[[label: Documentary page 2]] New York 28 August 1855. Steamer America, Messrs. Otard Dupuy & Co Cognac. Gentlemen I have the honor to confirm my letter of the 21st instant & to acknowledge receipt of yours of the 8th ditto. I see with pleasure that you were preparing to load on the Angelo Brewer expected at La Rochelle, my order of 17 July of 32 p & 4/4 pipes, increased by the 30 1/2 pipes that you announced having set aside for me. I think that instead of applying these 30 half pipes in 1854, 51 & 50 as your letter of 31 July announced you will have distributed them over the years 1854, 51, 48 & 46 in the proportion of my small supplementary order of 19 June If it were otherwise, as I foresee needing a small quantity of these Old Brandies, you could make up another small shipment of them as follows. VB. 5. 1/2 pipes 1854. } 5. 1/2 " 1848. } pale brandy. { If, as I suppose, the 30 1/2 pipes have { been shipped pale, you would make up this { shipment of 2 1/2 dark. 3 1/2 pale for 5. 1/2 " 1846. } { each quality separately. 3. p & 6. 1/4 pipes V.O.P, in double casks, invoices as in the past. 18. p 6 1/4. pipes Brandies of your brand - I find myself in particular need of the 3 1/2 & 6 1/4 VOP and whatever the case may be you would add them to the first shipment that you will make for me, Business has a lot of animation & the scarcity of Brandies in our market is felt more every day. Money is abundant & the exchange on Europe remains very high. - I have the honor to salute you V Barsalou Mr Rachau is not yet back from the country. - [[notes]] Editorial notes: The terminal signature reads V. Barsalou, matching the established Victor Barsalou authority; the final reference is to Mr Rachau.

Every complete capture, documentary role, address panel, date, names, organizations, commercial context and material postal evidence was independently checked against the authoritative images and related Cognac correspondence; unresolved readings remain explicit. Date evidence: The dateline reads New York 28 Aout 1855 and the address-side docket gives the same sender, place and date. Origin evidence: New York is written in the dateline.


Letter from Frank Otard to Otard Dupuy & Co concerning US revenue enforcement, the brandy market and commissions, 1867-08-27

Frank Otard reports on US customs and revenue enforcement, alleged evasion involving spirits, the commercial and political climate, and commissions and expenses charged to Otard Dupuy & Co.

New York, New York, United States
Cognac, Charente, France
New York–Cognac

Cognac trade
Commercial correspondence
Customs duties
Revenue enforcement
Spirits trade
Commissions
Accounts
New York
Otard Dupuy & Co
Frank Otard
United States

Cognac & Trade

NRA-L-000455 - Image 1: Address panel and postal evidence

Address panel and postal evidence.

NRA-L-000455 image 1 showing the address panel to Otard Dupuy & Co in Cognac with postal evidence.

NRA-L-000455 - Image 2: Letter text - Page 1

Letter text - Page 1.

NRA-L-000455 image 2 showing handwritten commercial letter text, page 1.

NRA-L-000455 - Image 3: Letter text - Page 2

Letter text - Page 2.

NRA-L-000455 image 3 showing handwritten commercial letter text, page 2.

NRA-L-000455 - Image 4: Letter conclusion, signature and reverse-side evidence

Letter conclusion, signature and reverse-side evidence.

NRA-L-000455 image 4 showing the handwritten conclusion, signature and reverse-side evidence.

[[label: Address panel]] Messrs Otard Dupuy & Co Cognac Charente France.

[[label: Documentary page 2]] Newyork, 27 Aout 1867 Messrs Otard Dupuy & Co Cognac Je vous confirme, Messieurs, ma lettre du 20 Ct qui s'est croisée avec votre amicale du 8 ditto. Ci-contre Duplicata de l'ordre de Messrs Ives Beecher & Co presque tous nos amis ne sont pas en ville et les affaires sont fort calmes; je m'attends toutefois à peu d'ordres pour le moment, par suite de la prime élevée de l'or et du droit prohibitif. Ce droit élevé a donné sujet à de la fraude et il y a plusieurs maisons qui ont fraudé le gouvernement en s'entendant avec des officiers du Gouvernement. la maison Geo. Day and Co aurait dit-on vendu les Eaux de vie sans payer de droits et exporté les futailles vides en pays étranger. Si la fraude a eu lieu depuis 3 ans, il y a un joli benefice de 30 francs par velte!! C'est un tour d'adresse qui doit donner à penser

[[label: Documentary page 3]] aux amateurs de la protection quand même; si on réfléchit d'un autre côté que le gouvernement n'a reçu que 20. millions de Dollars sur les rectified Whiskeys au lieu de 100 millions, vous comprendrez vite que le système de collecter les douanes n'est pas tenu sur un pied fort Honorable en Amerique. du reste il n'y a qu'un moyen de changer ce système, c'est de revenir au tarif de 1859. J'ai examiné avec attention votre compte Ct, il est correct sauf comme je vous l'ai écrit cette question d'intérêts composés, au promptes intret sur interet avant que je puisse me retourner et au vous ne me donnez que l'interet simple. Vous avez oublié de porter à mon crédit dans votre compte les intérêts dus à Messrs Ives Beecher & Co valeur 28 Janvier 1867, soit fs 358.65. et de porter à mon crédit l'intérêt sur ma commission comme vous l'avez toujours fait jusqu'à ce jour. J'ai eu également à payer à l'internal revenue des Etats Unis pour le droit de vendre des Eaux de vie pour votre maison jusqu'à ce jour fs 2,131.92 et payé pour des courtages d'ordres, soit fs 1900. Ces deux sommes sont portées comme de juste à votre debit valeur 1er Juillet et les reçus sont tenus à votre disposition. les commissions sont trop limitées pour ne pas vous charger sur des montants qui vous

[[label: Documentary page 4]] interessent Agréez, Messieurs l'assurance de mon entier devouement Frank Otard

[[label: Documentary page 2]] New York, 27 August 1867 Messrs Otard Dupuy & Co Cognac I confirm to you, Gentlemen, my letter of the 20th inst. which crossed with your friendly one of the 8th ditto. Enclosed is a duplicate of the order from Messrs Ives Beecher & Co. Almost all our friends are out of town and business is very quiet; I expect, however, few orders for the moment, owing to the high premium on gold and the prohibitive duty. This high duty has given rise to fraud and there are several houses that have defrauded the government by colluding with Government officers. The house of Geo. Day and Co is said to have sold the brandies without paying duties and exported the empty casks to foreign countries. If the fraud has been going on for 3 years, there is a nice profit of 30 francs per velte!! It is a sleight of hand that must give pause

[[label: Documentary page 3]] to the lovers of protection at any cost; if one reflects on the other hand that the government has only received 20 million Dollars on rectified Whiskeys instead of 100 million, you will quickly understand that the system of collecting customs is not kept on a very Honorable footing in America. Besides, there is only one way to change this system, which is to return to the tariff of 1859. I have carefully examined your account current, it is correct except, as I wrote to you, this question of compound interests, to prompt interest on interest before I can turn around and to you only give me simple interest. You forgot to credit my account in your account with the interests due to Messrs Ives Beecher & Co value 28 January 1867, namely fs 358.65. and to credit me with the interest on my commission as you have always done up to this day. I also had to pay to the internal revenue of the United States for the right to sell brandies for your house up to this day fs 2,131.92 and paid for brokerages of orders, namely fs 1900. These two sums are carried as is just to your debit value 1st July and the receipts are kept at your disposal. The commissions are too limited not to charge you on amounts that you

[[label: Documentary page 4]] interest Accept, Gentlemen, the assurance of my entire devotion Frank Otard

Every complete capture, documentary role, address panel, date, names, organizations, commercial context and material postal evidence was independently checked against the authoritative images and related Cognac correspondence; unresolved readings remain explicit. Date evidence: The dateline and address-side docket both give New York, 27 August 1867. Origin evidence: New York is written in the dateline.


Letter from Frank Ward to Otard Dupuy & Co concerning the Civil War, the presidential election and the brandy trade, 1864-09-21

Frank Ward discusses wartime news and the contest between Abraham Lincoln and George B. McClellan, then explains that the political and commercial situation and the poor harvest leave no prospect of brandy orders that year.

New York, New York, United States
Cognac, Charente, France
New York–Cognac via the steamer Scotia

Cognac trade
Commercial correspondence
American Civil War
United States presidential election
Abraham Lincoln
George B. McClellan
Brandy orders
Harvest
New York
Otard Dupuy & Co
Frank Ward
United States

Cognac & Trade

NRA-L-000456 - Image 1: Address panel and postal evidence

Address panel and postal evidence.

NRA-L-000456 image 1 showing the address panel to Otard Dupuy & Co in Cognac with postal evidence.

NRA-L-000456 - Image 2: Letter text - Page 1

Letter text - Page 1.

NRA-L-000456 image 2 showing handwritten commercial letter text, page 1.

NRA-L-000456 - Image 3: Letter text - Page 2, with conclusion and signature

Letter text - Page 2, with conclusion and signature.

NRA-L-000456 image 3 showing handwritten commercial letter text, page 2, with the conclusion and signature.

[[label: Address panel]] pr St "Scotia" Messrs Otard Dupuy & Co. Cognac Charente France.

[[label: Documentary page 2]] Newyork, 21 Sept 1864 Messrs Otard Dupuy & Co Cognac Je vous confirme, Messieurs, ma lettre du 13 Sept qui s'est croisée avec votre amicale du 31 aout. Vous trouverez ci-inclus une 2e de change s'élevant à Fcs 5,175. pour vous servir en cas d'urgence. L'or semble être à la baisse, aussi nos amis remettent de jour en jour leurs remises. Le mois d'octobre sera sans doute le mois le plus propice, car l'administration pèsera de tout son poids pour donner à chaque chose une apparance favorable, date l'élection présidentielle se fera le 4 nov. Je crois que la lutte sera très vive entre Lincoln & McClellan et il est bien difficile de dire qui l'emportera.

[[label: Documentary page 3]] Je regrette beaucoup ce que vous me dites au sujet de la sécheresse. Vous ne devez pas vous attendre à un seul ordre cette année, vu l'état actuel des événements. Agréez, Messieurs, l'assurance de mon entier dévouement F. Ward

[[label: Address panel]] per Steamer "Scotia" Messrs Otard Dupuy & Co. Cognac Charente France.

[[label: Documentary page 2]] New York, 21 Sept 1864 Messrs Otard Dupuy & Co Cognac I confirm to you, Gentlemen, my letter of 13 Sept which crossed with your friendly one of 31 August. You will find enclosed a 2nd of exchange amounting to Fcs 5,175. to serve you in case of emergency. Gold seems to be falling, so our friends are putting off their remittances from day to day. The month of October will doubtless be the most propitious month, for the administration will throw all its weight into giving everything a favorable appearance, given the presidential election will take place on 4 Nov. I believe the struggle will be very lively between Lincoln & McClellan and it is very difficult to say who will win.

[[label: Documentary page 3]] I very much regret what you tell me on the subject of the drought. You must not expect a single order this year, given the current state of events. Accept, Gentlemen, the assurance of my entire devotion F. Ward

Every complete capture, documentary role, address panel, date, names, organizations, commercial context and material postal evidence was independently checked against the authoritative images and related Cognac correspondence; unresolved readings remain explicit. Date evidence: The dateline reads Newyork, 21 Sept 1864; the address-side docket repeats the date. Origin evidence: New York is written in the dateline.


Letter from Frank Otard to Otard Dupuy & Co concerning brandy sales, payments, invoices and wartime finance, 1862-04-15

Frank Otard discusses sales and expected payment for several vintages of brandy, the Cadiz account and an invoice to Boardman, while commenting on wartime finance and current American politics.

New York, New York, United States
Cognac, Charente, France
New York–Cognac via England

Cognac trade
Commercial correspondence
Brandy sales
Vintages
Invoices
Payments
American Civil War
Finance
New York
Otard Dupuy & Co
Frank Otard
United States

Cognac & Trade

NRA-L-000457 - Image 1: Address panel and postal evidence

Address panel and postal evidence.

NRA-L-000457 image 1 showing the address panel to Otard Dupuy & Co in Cognac with postal evidence.

NRA-L-000457 - Image 2: Letter text - Page 1

Letter text - Page 1.

NRA-L-000457 image 2 showing handwritten commercial letter text, page 1.

NRA-L-000457 - Image 3: Letter text - Page 2

Letter text - Page 2.

NRA-L-000457 image 3 showing handwritten commercial letter text, page 2.

NRA-L-000457 - Image 4: Letter conclusion, signature and reverse-side evidence

NRA-L-000457 image 4 showing the handwritten conclusion, signature and reverse-side evidence.

[[label: Address panel]] Via England pr St. "Niagara" Messrs Otard Dupuy & Co Cognac Charente France.

[[label: Documentary page 2]] Newyork, 15 April 1862 Messrs Otard Dupuy & Co Cognac Je vous Confirme, Messieurs, ma lettre du 8 ct qui s'est Croisée avec votre amicale du 27 Mars. Nous trouverez ci inclus un aperçu des Caisses en main par l'Ityac et par le Cadiz. au sujet de l'Ityac, j'ai été assez heureux pour en vendre 300 Caisses à Messrs Maitland Tyler & Co Montréal à raison de $ 5.75 la Caisse, moins les frais d'arrivée, ce qui établira la vente à environ 27 francs la Caisse, la vente est à 6 mois, je lui en ai envoyé 200 Caisses de plus en Consignation, en tout 500 Caisses 1859. j'en ai encore 500 Caisses ici et Cette maison me fixera d'ici quinze jours sur la facilité de la vente au Canada et s'il y a de l'espoir, je lui enverrai le reste, dans le Cas Contraire il vaudrait mieux que je tache de vous le marché sur lequel je devrai expédier la balance, Car Ce serait peut-être ruineux d'attendre la fin de la guerre actuelle à Ce Sujet. Au Sujet du Cadiz j'ai en main dans vos 1860, 1851, 42, 36, 20, 1800, je n'ai placé que vos 1859 & 1856 à Mr Salter

[[label: Documentary page 3]] Je Crois que le paiement ne se fera pas attendre long temps mais je ne veux plus risquer l'essai à l'avenir; il est un fait bien Certain, C'est que si je n'avais pas vendu à Ce Monsieur j'aurai encore la marchandise, vous ne pouvez pas vous faire à l'idée de la répugnance que Chacun éprouve au sujet de Ce genre d'industrie et il vaut mieux Cesser de peur de se faire des Ennemis. toutes les maisons qui en ont importé, les ont en main, et il sera difficile de les écouler à moins de faire 50 % de perte. Au Sujet de Patterson & Bouthon, ils viennent de regler Completement et je reglerai avec vous d'ici la fin de mai, on parle d'élever le tarif, au prix où nous en sommes il n'y a pas de mal mais si la paix se faisait en juillet, l'union ne se reconstituerait jamais sans un Changement de tarif plus avantageux aux interets de l'amerique entière. - somme toute pour faire rentrer le sud dans l'union, on lui accordera après la défaite plus qu'on ne dit C'est sera plutot regardé Comme moyen de Conciliation et Comme but politique que Comme question financière. C'est un drole de pays. Mon Cousin m'est revenu de la Havanne sans argent, je lui avais donné de l'argent pour son retour, mais il a laissé des dettes Criardes que j'ai été sans son Consentement obligé de

[[label: Documentary page 4]] payer, il s'arrangera avec son père, Ce genre n'aurait pas été bien vu dans Ce pays; la somme s'élève à $ 683.48 à f 5.10 Fcs 3.485.75 dont veuillez Créditer mon Compte, valeur de Ce jour. Agréez, Messrs l'assurance de mon entier devouement Frank Otard P.S. Il faut deduire également des Caisses par le Cadiz la facture vendue à Boardman

[[label: Documentary page 2]] New York, 15 April 1862 Messrs Otard Dupuy & Co Cognac I confirm to you, Gentlemen, my letter of the 8th inst. which crossed with your friendly one of 27 March. You will find enclosed an overview of the Cases on hand by the Ityac and by the Cadiz. regarding the Ityac, I was fortunate enough to sell 300 Cases to Messrs Maitland Tyler & Co Montreal at the rate of $5.75 per Case, less the arrival costs, which will establish the sale at about 27 francs per Case, the sale is at 6 months, I sent him 200 more Cases on Consignment, in all 500 Cases 1859. I still have 500 Cases here and This house will fix me within a fortnight on the facility of the sale in Canada and if there is hope, I will send him the rest, in the Contrary Case it would be better that I try to you the market on which I will have to ship the balance, For It would perhaps be ruinous to wait for the end of the current war on This Subject. On the Subject of the Cadiz I have on hand in your 1860, 1851, 42, 36, 20, 1800, I have only placed your 1859 & 1856 with Mr Salter

[[label: Documentary page 3]] I Believe that the payment will not be long in coming but I no longer want to risk the attempt in the future; it is a very Certain fact, It is that if I had not sold to This Gentleman I would still have the merchandise, you cannot get used to the idea of the repugnance that Everyone feels on the subject of This kind of industry and it is better to Stop for fear of making Enemies. all the houses that have imported it, have them on hand, and it will be difficult to dispose of them unless making a 50% loss. On the Subject of Patterson & Bouthon, they have just settled Completely and I will settle with you by the end of May, there is talk of raising the tariff, at the price where we are there is no harm but if peace were made in July, the union would never reconstitute itself without a Change of tariff more advantageous to the interests of the whole of america. - all in all to bring the south back into the union, it will be granted after the defeat more than is said It will be rather regarded As a means of Conciliation and As a political goal than As a financial question. It is a funny country. My Cousin has returned to me from Havana without money, I had given him money for his return, but he left glaring debts that I was without his Consent obliged to

[[label: Documentary page 4]] pay, he will arrange with his father, This kind would not have been well seen in This country; the sum amounts to $ 683.48 at f 5.10 Fcs 3,485.75 which please Credit to my Account, value of This day. Accept, Messrs the assurance of my entire devotion Frank Otard P.S. It is also necessary to deduct from the Cases by the Cadiz the invoice sold to Boardman

Every complete capture, documentary role, address panel, date, names, organizations, commercial context and material postal evidence was independently checked against the authoritative images and related Cognac correspondence; unresolved readings remain explicit. Date evidence: The dateline reads Newyork, 15 April 1862 and the address-side docket records the same date. Origin evidence: New York is written in the dateline.


Letter from John A. F. Rachau to Otard Dupuy & Co concerning liquor law, brandy demand and remittances, 1855-05-22

John A. F. Rachau assesses the effect of liquor legislation and temperance on domestic sales, reports weak demand for brandy, comments on European affairs and the gold drain, and forwards remittance papers.

New York, New York, United States
Cognac, Charente, France
New York–Cognac via Boston and Paris

Cognac trade
Commercial correspondence
Liquor law
Temperance movement
Brandy demand
Remittances
Gold shipments
New York
Otard Dupuy & Co
John A. F. Rachau
United States

Cognac & Trade

NRA-L-000458 - Image 1: Address panel and postal evidence

Address panel and postal evidence.

NRA-L-000458 image 1 showing the address panel to Otard Dupuy & Co in Cognac with postal evidence.

NRA-L-000458 - Image 2: Letter text - Page 1

Letter text - Page 1.

NRA-L-000458 image 2 showing handwritten commercial letter text, page 1.

NRA-L-000458 - Image 3: Letter text - Page 2

Letter text - Page 2.

NRA-L-000458 image 3 showing handwritten commercial letter text, page 2.

NRA-L-000458 - Image 4: Letter conclusion, signature and reverse-side evidence

NRA-L-000458 image 4 showing the handwritten conclusion, signature and reverse-side evidence.

[[label: Address panel]] p Asia, via Boston Messieurs Otard Dupuy & Co Cognac Charente France via Paris

[[label: Documentary page 2]] Messieurs Otard Dupuy & Co Cognac New York 22d May 1855 Dear Sirs My last respects are dated the 15th Inst. p Atlantic, since when I have had the pleasure of re ceiving your favor of the 1st Inst. The "Edward Everett" has not arrived yet, although we had a succession of easterly winds. It appears she did not leave before the 18th April I do much regret this long delay, as the best part of the season will be gone for our friends to dispose of the Brandies before our real troubles may be upon us under that confounded prohibitory Law. As yet all is quiet here, the authorities having decided that no penalties can be enforced for the retailing of liquors till the 4 July, though several attempts are occasionally made to harass our dealers. Preparations are made on both sides to enforce and to resist the Law, and there is little doubt but the conflict will be severe. Well, better it comes to a crisis at once than this continued uncertainty. A few of the Lawyers, who were paid handsome fees out of the funds col lected by the wholesale trade among the leading merchants, for legal opi nions on the constitutionality of this Law, have already issued them These, as might be expected, are all conclusive against the Law, as far as foreign Wines & Spirits are concerned. At the same time, other men versed in law matters, and paid by the water party, issue elaborate opinions shewing quite the reverse; agreeing however in one point, namely, that foreign liquors can be sold by the importer; but they loose at once their nationality when mixed up with the domestic trade, and fall under the general ban. This means nothing else than that such sales can not be brought to any purpose, except for export, as every body is prohibited to deal, hold, or sell any kind of liquor, unless authorized as Agent under the Law, for medicinal & mechanical purposes!

[[label: Documentary page 3]] There is very little demand for Brandies, which appears to me quite surprising for whatever may result from any attempted enfor cement of the Law after the 4th July, it is reasonable to suppose that every respectable person would be anxious to lay in a supply before the evil day is upon us. The dealers in the Country are puzzled, particularly at our various watering places and summer retreats, for it will prove but cold comfort to the thousands who fly from this City when the very hot dog days set in, to live on fresh cool water only! Yesterday the amended Law in Boston began to rejoice the people there. I am anxious to learn how it will work. Fines & imprisonment for a single glass of Brandy is rather a serious matter. It is very certain we shall have a very dull summer before us, as nobody is likely to increase his stock till it is ascertained what positive dangers threaten. All our hopes rest on the result of your growing Vines. If we are blest with a fair vintage, and prices recede, we may look for a favorable influence here. Till then it is probable that something definite about our prohibitory Law will be decided, and a legal way be found to release the trade in foreign spirits from the incubus now pressing upon it. Complaints about dullness in business continue general, except Cottons which are brisk, as is usual at this season. Our breadstuffs are extravagantly dear, and almost scarce. Some heavy rains have re freshed the growing Crops and improved our hopes for a good harvest. I am grieved to see that in Europe the weather continued very wet and cold, but sincerely hope that ere this every thing has improved for the better. It would be a great misfortune indeed, if a short har vest, and consequent high prices, should add to the calamities of the war. Things in Europe look extremely squally, of which the end is not yet. It is fortunate for us here that we have the California mines to back us. The drain of our Gold to Europe is excessive. The last Steamer for Liverpool carried 10 millions of Francs!

[[label: Documentary page 4]] I enclose the seconds of my last remittance together f 34532.78/100 to serve if needful. My next I expect will hand you the Balance of Brandies p Ciudad Bolivar. This doing little or nothing is extremely dull work, but there is no help for it at present. I remain with esteem Dear Sirs Yours faithfully John A F Rachau

Every complete capture, documentary role, address panel, date, names, organizations, commercial context and material postal evidence was independently checked against the authoritative images and related Cognac correspondence; unresolved readings remain explicit. Date evidence: The dateline reads New York 22d May 1855 and the address-side docket repeats the date. Origin evidence: New York is written in the dateline.


Two letters from E. Stevens Sons to Otard Dupuy & Co concerning brandy imports, duties, insurance and a bill of exchange, 1847-04-30 and 1847-05-31

E. Stevens Sons report arrivals and condition of cognac cargoes, weak demand, temperance, warehouse insurance and customs duties, then update market conditions and transmit a sterling bill of exchange through Liverpool.

New York–Cognac via Boston and Liverpool

Cognac trade
Commercial correspondence
Brandy imports
Customs duties
Warehouse insurance
Temperance movement
Bills of exchange
Liverpool
New York
Otard Dupuy & Co
E. Stevens Sons
United States

Cognac & Trade

NRA-L-000459 - Image 1: Address panel and postal evidence

Address panel and postal evidence.

NRA-L-000459 image 1 showing the address panel to Otard Dupuy & Co in Cognac with postal evidence.

NRA-L-000459 - Image 2: Letter text - Page 1

Letter text - Page 1.

NRA-L-000459 image 2 showing handwritten commercial letter text, page 1.

NRA-L-000459 - Image 3: Letter text - Page 2

Letter text - Page 2.

NRA-L-000459 image 3 showing handwritten commercial letter text, page 2.

NRA-L-000459 - Image 4: Letter conclusion, signature and reverse-side evidence

NRA-L-000459 image 4 showing the handwritten conclusion, signature and reverse-side evidence.

[[label: Address panel]] pr Steamer "Britannia", via L'pool Messrs. Otard Dupuy & Co. Cognac France via Boston [[notes]] Editorial notes: The route notation reads via L'pool (Liverpool), not 'Spool'. The item contains separately dated sections of 30 April and 31 May 1847.

[[label: Documentary page 2]] pr 1st pr "Cambria" via England. New York, 30th April 1847 Messrs. Otard Dupuy & Co. Cognac Gentlemen, Since the preceding we have been in receipt of your esteemed favor of the 28th Ulto, covering shipping papers for Brandies, & your a/c Curt. to the end of the year: this document has been found correct and entered in conformity. We note that there was a doubt as to the exact number of casks on board the "Frances Lord" now in; she will be discharged in a few days when it will be ascertained. The "Alabama" & "Gazelle" have also arrived: the Brandy by the first has been recd. in good order - the latter vessel is now discharging. The simultaneous arrival of several vessels with Brandies has rendered sales difficult, and the demand for your & other Cognac Brandies, quite contrary to our expectations, is unusually small for the season; - the temperance feeling undoubtedly naturally checks the consumption of all spirituous liquors, and in some of the States the dealing in them has been almost entirely abandoned. Unfortunately the risk of Fire Insurance on goods stored in the public Warehouses being at onerous rates, & other objections are so great as to compel Importers to enter everything for consumption thereby adding to the loss of interest & losing the chance of sales for Export - indeed thus far we have been unable to obtain insurance on goods in the principal Warehouse. - Besides these embarassments the Duties, by a recent order from Washington, are paid on the full Invoice Cost, except in cases where the casks show extra leakage from damage or accident on board the vessel. - The export of Breadstuffs is temporarily suspended from the want

[[label: Documentary page 3]] want of them here; - the canals will however soon be opened when considerable supplies from the interior may be looked for, tho' not sufficient to fill the unusual large Tonnage in port. - this cessation of exports, together with the large arrivals of specie has advanced Foreign Exchanges 2 @ 4 % - we think they will again somewhat decline, especially francs, when we shall reimburse you for your last Invoices. We are Gentlemen, Very Truly, Your Obt Servts Francs 5.35 pr Dollar Sterling 6 1/2 @ 7 %. May 31st 1847 Gentlemen, We confirm the preceding and since hold your esteemed favors of the 15 & 28 Ulto, contents of which have had the requisite attention, and the items for our respec- tive accounts been passed in accordance. The Brandies by the "Frances Lord" turned out according to your Invoice. - This article has continued in limited demand since we last wrote, and prices of all descrip- tions have given way, both on account of the increase of stocks & the expectation of lower prices in France, already advised as having taken place at Bordeaux &c. - In the expectation that sterling will yield something better than Francs, we forward by this conveyance, and per steamer "Washington" hence, to Messrs. Baring Brothers Co Liverpool, for procural of acceptance, the 1st & 2d of the enclosed Bill (the 3d) for £ stg 1,000, as at foot. - We ask said Gentlemen to advise you of its acceptance, & to retain the Bills for the holder of the third, or

[[label: Documentary page 4]] as you may request. We are Gentlemen, Respy. Your Obt. Servts. E Stevens Sons Bill Enclosed 3d. Exch. on a/c a/c: N/Orleans May 19th, No. 256, £1,000 stg. bot/st non J.W. Robb & Co on Laughtry & Co Liverpool payable in London, endorsed to by W.A. Cavenagh and Nevins Townsend & Co to p/res, & by us in blank.

Every complete capture, documentary role, address panel, date, names, organizations, commercial context and material postal evidence was independently checked against the authoritative images and related Cognac correspondence; unresolved readings remain explicit. Date evidence: The first section is dated New York, 30 April 1847; a second section on the same documentary item is separately dated 31 May 1847. Origin evidence: New York is written in the dateline.


Letter from John A. F. Rachau to Otard Dupuy & Co concerning customs fraud, a brandy order and cargo losses, 1851-07-29

John A. F. Rachau discusses new customs controls and frauds on the revenue, places a brandy order for Drews & Rogers, and reports cargo losses, settlement difficulties and complaints about low profit on Otard brandies.

New York, New York, United States
Cognac, Charente, France
New York–Cognac via Paris

Cognac trade
Commercial correspondence
Customs fraud
Revenue enforcement
Brandy orders
Cargo losses
Commercial settlement
Drews & Rogers
New York
Otard Dupuy & Co
John A. F. Rachau
United States

Cognac & Trade

NRA-L-000460 - Image 1: Address panel and postal evidence

Address panel and postal evidence.

NRA-L-000460 image 1 showing the address panel to Otard Dupuy & Co in Cognac with postal evidence.

NRA-L-000460 - Image 2: Letter text - Page 1

Letter text - Page 1.

NRA-L-000460 image 2 showing handwritten commercial letter text, page 1.

NRA-L-000460 - Image 3: Letter text - Page 2

Letter text - Page 2.

NRA-L-000460 image 3 showing handwritten commercial letter text, page 2.

NRA-L-000460 - Image 4: Letter text - Page 3, with conclusion and signature

Letter text - Page 3, with conclusion and signature.

NRA-L-000460 image 4 showing handwritten commercial letter text, page 3, with the conclusion and signature.

[[label: Address panel]] Messrs Otard Dupuy & Co Cognac France via Paris

[[label: Documentary page 2]] Messrs Otard, Dupuy & Co Cognac New York 29 July 1851 Dear Sirs, I beg your reference to my last respects, on the 22d Inst. Canada, since which I have been favored with your letter of the 11th Inst. Enclosed please receive a first of Exchange for 29th f15,000, I Hy Bardin draft at 10 days sight on Messrs Pilletier, Main & Co which I beg you will place to my Credit on Genl Account & oblige, and debit me against this with f5000 received on your account from Mr E. Passalery, to be paid 22 Oct. I have taken note of the additional amount on which the letter is to get its allowance. It may be very well in his opinion that it is perfectly right to save some $1000 on the duty, but it certainly is cruel for other importers who have no variety of stock to avail of such advantages. This is the way the Treasury works, and no sufficient proof of it can be had by those who try. Another Circular has been issued by the Secretary of the Treasury with the view of making Entries of goods on foreign Account more stringent. It has particularly reference to Consular Certificates, I get no other way to get the actual market value of goods when shipped. It is not probable that these addi- tional regulations will effect a cure, for they are sure to be evaded, but it shows that the Government is aware of the great frauds daily committed on the Revenue, and is

[[label: Documentary page 3]] endeavouring to check them. Please ship for Messrs Drews & Rogers, New York B&B 5 half Pips 1850 dark Tenders color, 4 p c of S. No. 35 5 " " 1849 dark Ditto " and 5 " " 1848 dark Ditto " & their address, all without Vintage marks. You are likely to receive an order from Messrs J. Baker & Co of Boston. They are reported very respectable. I have no particulars from Messrs Figueira & Co about the reported Leakage of Florian, but hear that Capt Barclay says partial Ullage is some 15 Casks of various sizes. I am afraid it was caused by the W. Buchen, which was listed to him was a bad stowage. Messrs Figueira & Co have withheld the freight, but this cannot be carried out, and in case of a lawsuit they are bound to pay it, having however the right to bring a suit for damages against the vessel and owners. Our portwardens having reported, as usual, "the Cargo to be well stowed" I do not see how the pol- icy can be made liable for Leakage caused by the weight of that part of the Cargo placed on the top of the Figueira's being all Brandy, the latter was in every respect well loaded. I do not know yet what part of the Leakage falls on your Brandy, but as the Figueira had a considerable quantity of Rochelle and Bordeaux, it is reasonable to expect that the latter bore most of the proportion. I shall probably go to Philadelphia tomorrow and endeavour to arrange this the best I can otherwise it will be difficult to get a satisfactory settlement of the

[[label: Documentary page 4]] losses for Mr Figueira Our friends continue to complain that no profits can be made on the sales of your Brandies, my attempt of obtaining an advance in prices proving abortive. This is, undoubtedly, the natural consequence of other parties being to cut their Brandies through reduced prices. The great difficulty we have to encounter is that few of our friends will run the risk of an expense in paying any duty under what they really pay for Brandies, and the few transactions are accomodated without drawing the worst consequences in themselves. An average price would be fair to succeed, and unfortunately does succeed with Consignments, but to expect our Customers to pay some 10 pc above the price of Brands, when on their own account, to be current, is more than can be done. I see no immediate and satisfactory solution to this question, and am afraid we must rest our hopes that the next Congress will take some steps to solve it for us, should the actual Congress continue so many conflicting interests, as regards protection and free trade, as is likely to be. I should be glad to have your opinion of what Cognac is likely to do. Without further to add I remain with esteem Dear Sirs Yours faithfully John A. F. Rachau [[notes]] Editorial notes: The terminal signature is John A. F. Rachau; the documented and authority forms were checked against earlier correspondence.

Every complete capture, documentary role, address panel, date, names, organizations, commercial context and material postal evidence was independently checked against the authoritative images and related Cognac correspondence; unresolved readings remain explicit. Date evidence: The dateline reads New York 29 July 1851 and the address-side docket records the same date. Origin evidence: New York is written in the dateline.


Letter from E. Caylus de Ruyter & Co to Otard Dupuy & Co concerning weak brandy demand and the western credit crisis, 1857-06-08

E. Caylus de Ruyter & Co report a quiet brandy market and explain delayed payments and weak demand through the financial distress of western customers and speculation in land, adding current exchange quotations.

New York, New York, United States
Cognac, Charente, France
New York–Cognac via the steamer Arabia

Cognac trade
Commercial correspondence
Brandy demand
Credit crisis
Land speculation
Delayed payments
Exchange rates
New York
Otard Dupuy & Co
E. Caylus de Ruyter & Co
United States

Cognac & Trade

NRA-L-000461 - Image 1: Address panel and postal evidence

Address panel and postal evidence.

NRA-L-000461 image 1 showing the address panel to Otard Dupuy & Co in Cognac with postal evidence.

NRA-L-000461 - Image 2: Letter text - Page 1

Letter text - Page 1.

NRA-L-000461 image 2 showing handwritten commercial letter text, page 1.

NRA-L-000461 - Image 3: Letter text - Page 2, with conclusion and signature

NRA-L-000461 image 3 showing handwritten commercial letter text, page 2, with the conclusion and signature.

[[label: Address panel]] p Arabia Messieurs Otard Dupuy & Co Cognac France Charente

[[label: Documentary page 2]] p Arabia New York 8 Juin 1857 Messrs Otard Dupuy & Co Cognac N/ vs accusons reception, Messieurs, de v/ honorée du 19 mai, & vs remercions des renseignements qu'elle nous donne. Nous regrettons que les circonstances ne nous aient pas encouragés à vs donner des ordres; mais nous avons toujours trouvé depuis un an, par suite de la hausse continue, à acheter sur place plus au dessous de vos cours. Ainsi nous avons pu il y a trois semaines acheter encore de vos 1855 p $5.50 ce qui vs le voyez est fort au dessous de la parité chez vous. Notre grande hausse empêchera que ns ressentions beaucoup ici les bons effets que la réduction du tarif aurait eu en d'autres circonstances, aussi ne partageons nous pas l'opinion que les affaires en liquides soient brillantes après le 1er juillet. D'ailleurs nous n'attribuons pas au changt prochain du tarif toute la langueur des affaires; car les marchses mêmes qui ne seront pas affectées par ce changement sont aussi calmes que les autres. La vraie cause de l'inaction c'est la mauvaise situation financière de l'Ouest, n/ grand consommateur. Les spéculations en terrains depuis plusieurs années ont absorbé les revenus de tout le monde; les gens les

[[label: Documentary page 3]] moins riches y ont enfoui le capital qui devait servir à leurs affaires, de là une grande gêne, retards de paiements aux maisons de l'Atlantique, lesquelles sont peu désireuses de faire de nouveaux crédits, & conséquemment n'achètent pas ou peu. Nous croyons que telle est la véritable cause du mauvais état des affaires, & nous ne pensons pas voir après le 1er juillet les prodiges d'activité auxquels on s'attend trop généralement. Nous ne voudrions pas que vs prissiez la gêne de nous écrire, surtout dans un moment où nous ne voyons pas jour à vs donner des ordres; mais nous vous serions fort obligés si vs vouliez bien ns adresser régulièrement v/ circulaire soit directement, soit par l'entremise de Messrs Ch. Thomas Montague & Co de Bordeaux. Chge sur Paris 5.17 1/2 Londres 9 1/2 agréez n/ salutations Empressées E. Caylus de Ruyter & Co

[[label: Address panel]] per Arabia Messrs Otard Dupuy & Co Cognac France Charente

[[label: Documentary page 2]] per Arabia New York 8 June 1857 Messrs Otard Dupuy & Co Cognac We acknowledge receipt, Gentlemen, of your esteemed letter of May 19, and thank you for the information that it gives us. We regret that circumstances have not encouraged us to give you orders; but we have always found for a year, as a result of the continuous rise, to buy locally more below your prices. Thus we were able three weeks ago to still buy some of your 1855 for $5.50 which as you see is well below parity with you. Our great rise will prevent us from feeling much here the good effects that the tariff reduction would have had in other circumstances, so we do not share the opinion that business in liquids will be brilliant after July 1st. Besides, we do not attribute to the upcoming change in the tariff all the sluggishness of business; for the very goods that will not be affected by this change are as calm as the others. The true cause of the inaction is the bad financial situation of the West, our great consumer. The speculations in land for several years have absorbed everyone's income; the people the

[[label: Documentary page 3]] least rich have buried there the capital that was to serve their business, hence a great difficulty, delays in payments to the houses of the Atlantic, which are little desirous of giving new credits, and consequently buy not or little. We believe that such is the true cause of the bad state of business, and we do not think we will see after July 1st the prodigies of activity that are too generally expected. We would not want you to take the trouble to write to us, especially at a time when we do not see our way to giving you orders; but we would be very obliged if you would kindly send us regularly your circular either directly, or through the intermediary of Messrs Ch. Thomas Montague & Co of Bordeaux. Exchange on Paris 5.17 1/2 London 9 1/2 accept our eager greetings E. Caylus de Ruyter & Co

Every complete capture, documentary role, address panel, date, names, organizations, commercial context and material postal evidence was independently checked against the authoritative images and related Cognac correspondence; unresolved readings remain explicit. Date evidence: The dateline reads New York 8 Juin 1857 and the address-side docket gives the same date. Origin evidence: New York is written in the dateline.