Commercial identity at 12, place Saint-Pierre, Chalon-sur-Saône, documented by three postcards and a repeated Épicerie Centrale stamp. The authority does not claim that the initial A. or the proprietor's complete civil identity has been resolved.

Complete personal name represented by A. Verniaud

Legal form, opening date and closing date of the Épicerie Centrale

NRA-L-000263: A. Verniaud postcard bearing the Épicerie Centrale commercial stamp

NRA-L-000268: A. Verniaud postcard from Chalon-sur-Saône

NRA-L-000277: A. Verniaud postcard from the Épicerie Centrale

three Chalon-sur-Saône postcards and repeated Épicerie Centrale commercial stamp


Bovet et Lerch
Ed. Bovet & Lerch
Edouard Bovet et Lerch

Neuchâtel commission house with stores on the port. Contemporary notices identify Edouard Bovet et Lerch and describe Bovet et Lerch as commission agents; the archive preserves three commercial letters from 1827-1828.

Full partnership dates and the exact date at which the business style changed

Feuille d'avis de Neuchâtel, 6 July 1829, notice naming Edouard Bovet et Lerch

Feuille d'avis de Neuchâtel, 25 November 1834, notice naming Bovet et Lerch as commission agents

Musée neuchâtelois biographical notice for Jules-François Lerch

NRA-L-000082: Ed. Bovet & Lerch commercial letter from Neuchâtel

three collection letters plus contemporary Neuchâtel notices naming the commission house


Neuchâtel commercial house documented in three signed letters concerning remittances, bills of exchange, shipments and extract. It is retained separately from the later Bovet et Lerch commission house.

Legal continuity before 1811 and after 1820

NRA-L-000089: signed Bovet Père & Fils letter from Neuchâtel

three signed Neuchâtel commercial letters from 1811-1820


Pontarlier correspondent and commercial intermediary in the trade in hyssop, grand wormwood and petite absinthe. Four letters to Noilly Prat & Cie share the same name, place, role and commercial network.

Exact relationship between the correspondent and the Regnauld distillery listed at Pontarlier

NRA-L-000146: signed C. Regnauld letter and invoice from Pontarlier

Distilleries et distillateurs: Pontarlier

four signed Pontarlier letters to Noilly Prat & Cie with a consistent commercial role


Distillery and liqueur producer at Thizy. Contemporary exhibition evidence identifies Crozet frères as liquorists at Thizy in 1894, matching the archive correspondence of 1895-1898.

Distillerie Crozet Frères

Bulletin officiel de l'Exposition de 1894

contemporary exhibition evidence and official company history


Bordeaux commercial correspondent documented by three signed order postcards, one of which bears an E. Andouard business stamp. It is modelled as a commercial identity because the current evidence does not safely distinguish a sole trader from a firm represented by a named signatory.

Complete personal name represented by the initial E.

Whether the commercial identity and the signatory should later receive separate authority records

NRA-L-000174: postcard signed by E. Andouard at Bordeaux

NRA-L-000220: E. Andouard commercial order from Bordeaux

NRA-L-000343: E. Andouard postcard bearing a Bordeaux commercial stamp

three signed Bordeaux order postcards and a matching commercial stamp


Agent named on the printed Bordeaux office card of the General Steam Navigation Company. Three 1896 postcards share the same name, place, recipient, commercial function and hand/signature context.

Expansion of the initial E.
Birth and death dates

NRA-L-000171: General Steam Navigation Company Bordeaux office card naming agent E. Jurie

NRA-L-000289: E. Jurie postcard concerning bonded merchandise

NRA-L-000345: E. Jurie postcard concerning a consignment for A. Smyth & Co.

printed company card names E. Jurie as agent

three collection documents from Bordeaux in 1896


General Steam Navigation Co.
General Steam Navigation Co Ltd
General Steam Navigation Cy

British shipping company documented by its surviving corporate archive. The Neruda Archives card identifies a Bordeaux office and names E. Jurie as agent.

General Steam Navigation Co Ltd, GB 0064 GSN

AIM25 / National Maritime Museum archive catalogue

printed company card names the Bordeaux office and its agent


Absinthe-producing firm at Couvet associated with Fritz Duval and Henri-François Duval. The archive letters of 1873-1876 address the firm at Pontarlier during its documented period. It remains distinct from the later H. F. Duval house.

src-swiss-isos-couvet src-eperiodica-hf-duval-history src-avo-fritz-duval src-nra-000137

Couvet (Val-de-Travers), ISOS 2672

Historical chronology of the Duval absinthe houses at Couvet

Fonds Fritz Duval, CH NE AVO DUF

NRA-L-000137: letter addressed to H. & F. Duval at Pontarlier

four collection letters within the independently documented 1872-1879 firm period


Commercial correspondent at Montbéliard documented by repeated printed and stamped cards under the name Henri Faivre. The authority represents the business identity visible in the correspondence and does not claim a complete personal biography.

Full legal form and street address of the Montbéliard business

Whether every historical reference to Faivre of Montbéliard denotes this same establishment

L'absinthe: dictionnaire des marques, volume 3, D-E-F

Catalogue collectif de France, Bibliothèque nationale de France

NRA-L-000190: Henri Faivre postcard with Montbéliard commercial stamp

five Montbéliard cards with the same printed or stamped commercial name and recurring order relationship


Commercial correspondent at Saverne documented by three signed order postcards naming Café Claude. The authority preserves the combined documentary identity and does not infer Hildebrand's given name or the café's legal ownership.

Street address and legal ownership of Café Claude

NRA-L-000164: Hildebrand postcard signed for Café Claude at Saverne

NRA-L-000168: Hildebrand postcard for Café Claude at Saverne

NRA-L-000170: Hildebrand postcard for Café Claude at Saverne

three signed Saverne order postcards naming Café Claude


The sender is treated as a business house, not automatically as an identified individual. Letterheads describe a transport enterprise in Neuchâtel and Les Verrières, and several letters are signed per procuration by a clerk.

Full personal identity of the proprietor represented by the initials L. F.

Relationship to later firms using the style L. F. Lambelet et Cie

NRA-L-000112: L. F. Lambelet letterhead and letter to Pernod fils

NRA-L-000114: Entreprise de transports L. F. Lambelet letterhead

Commercial apprenticeship in the trading house of L. F. Lambelet at Les Verrières

collection letterheads and proxy signatures


Company officially founded in 1855 by Louis Noilly and Claude Prat. The archive letters dated 1859-1873 fall within the documented company period.

Noilly Prat heritage timeline

official company history and matching archive period


General warehouseman for Pernod absinthe

Single owner-approved historical business lineage for research navigation. Documentary names and dated trade styles remain visible; this grouping does not claim an unchanged legal form across the whole period.

Distillerie Pernod, puis chocolaterie et confiserie Peter, Cailler et Kohler, puis Sopad, actuellement Nestlé

La Propriété industrielle, 1929, no. 6

owner-approved early name within the Pernod Fils historical business lineage

owner-approved historical business lineage; exact documentary form preserved

owner-approved historical name within the Pernod Fils business lineage

compound form attached to the Pernod Fils historical business lineage

owner-approved orthographic form within the Pernod Fils business lineage

compound address names the separate proprietor and the Pernod Fils historical business lineage

owner-approved documentary spelling attached to the Pernod Fils historical business lineage

functional recipient explicitly tied to Pernod absinthe; documentary wording preserved

owner-approved abbreviated trade style within the Pernod Fils historical business lineage


Banking and commercial partnership whose managers supported and then acquired the Pernod business in 1888. It remains a separate organization related to the Pernod Fils historical business lineage.

La Propriété industrielle, 1929, no. 6

compound form explicitly names Veil-Picard & Cie

compound address names proprietor and business house

exact name supported by collection and institutional history

probable documentary spelling variant of Veil-Picard; exact form preserved

probable documentary or transcription spelling variant; requires image-level confirmation